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G8MNY  > TECH     12.10.08 12:22l 151 Lines 6863 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 5150_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST
Subj: AF 2 Tone Test Osc Design
Path: DB0FHN<DB0MRW<DK0WUE<DB0RES<ON0BEL<ZS0MEE<CX2SA<GB7CIP
Sent: 081011/2228Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU #:5150 [Caterham] $:5150_GB7CIP
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
To  : TECH@WW

TWO TONE AUDIO OSCILLATOR                        (updated June 04)
By G8MNY  (8 Bit ASCII Graphics use Code page 473 or 850) 

NEED
A two tone non harmonicly related sinewave test oscillator is used for setting
up & testing basic linearity of linear amplifiers & RF Tx stages.

A simple solution may seem to use a DTMF encoder as it is a 2 tone generator.
But for SSB testing the 2 tone levels need to be independantly adjustable, to
allow for the variation in mic response, mic amp response, & SSB filter shape
etc., to ensure the exact balance through the RF stages to get the desired RF
test signal. However you may be lucky with the odd pair of tones being just
right for your your rig, so give it a try & see the IN USE bit. 

MY DESIGN FEATURES
    POWER   :- This unit run from a 9V PP3
               On 12V it charges the PP3.
    OUTPUTS :- Internal Hi Z LS (EARPIECE) high enough for acoustic coupling.
               or jack for mic I/P hookup.
    BALANCE :- A control for setting the relative tone levels
               (as needed in Tx mixer for balance)
    VOLUME  :- A control for setting the AF O/P level for no Tx clipping.

 RF IMMUNITY:- only 2 power transistor with base stoppers, so very immune.

CIRCUIT
This uses 2 ferrite pot cores with 3 windings on each, 2 make a centre tapped
winding of about 44mH, & the other winding about 1/4 of the turns giving a low
Z output. These form the hart of the two power oscillators.

Each oscillator circuit is a single TO5 (BFY50) transistor connected in Hartley
configuration with a tuning capacitor across each centre tapped winding. The 2
tones must not be mathematically related e.g. harmonics etc. Mine turned out to
be 991 & 1352Hz. The oscillator level is set by the 47k bias resistor located
at the transistor base which also makes the transistor stage immune to RF!

               旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컴컴 EARPIECE
               �      旼컴컴컴컴컴)컴컴컴컴컴 40R LS
          VOL POT <컴캑           �
             200�     읕컴컴컴컴컴)컴컴컴컴컴 LS
              \�/                 쳐컴컴컴컴� JACK
     旼컴컴횭ALANCE컴컴컴�        �
     �     POT 100�      �        �
     �  旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴�)컴쩡컴컴�
     ((() 991Hz          ((() 1352Hz
 = = = = = = POT       = = = = = = POT
 ((((( ))))) CORE     ((((( ))))) CORE      ON/OFF
 �    읕컴�)컴컴컴컴컴)컴컴좔컴�)컴컴컴컴쩡훟/ o컴컫컴컴330鴛캑<쳐컴o +12V
 쳐캑쳐컴컴�          �    u47  �        �         �           Charge
 �    u22  �          쳐컴캑쳐컴�      + �         � +         or run.
 쳐컴캑쳐컴�          �         �       ===      컴좔�         External
 �  u47    �          �         �   100u �        袴�            DC
 �       �/           �       �/         �       컴컴� 9V
 읕�47k컴�  BFY50     읕�47k컴� BFY50    �        錮�  PP3
         �\e                  �\e        �         �
           읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컨컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컴o 0V

The output windings feed the balance pot that works like a stereo pot selecting
the proportion of each tone. The tuned power oscillators have enough Q that the
output coupling via the 100� does not affect each oscillator frequency & the
outputs are quite a good sine wave.

The 200� volume pot set the overall level in use. The internal LS was a old 40�
(4T) telephone earpiece that gives high AF level ideal for putting next to the
Tx's mic.

Construction can be on PCB or ugly, & housed in any plastic or metal box. But
access to the controls is needed when a Tx mic is placed on top of the internal
LS.

IN USE
When the 2 tones are used into a SSB Tx the resultant O/P once balanced & not
overdriven looks like this on a scope as RF Envelope & as a loaded DC Detector
display.

    NORMAL
PEAK �    .컴.       .컴. Round peak
RF   �   /::::\     /::::\
     �  �::::::�   �::::::� Sharp Null                DETECTOR
     � �::::::::� �::::::::쿣�            PEAK �    .컴.       .컴.
     눴::::::::::�::::::::::�                  �   /    \     /    \
     � �::::::::� �::::::::� �                 �  �      �   �      �
     �  �::::::�   �::::::�                    � �        � �        �
     �   \::::/     \::::/                     읒컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컨
     �    `컴'       `컴'

A scope connected to the RF output of a linear will produce the classic bridge
rectifier envelope. This can even be done at VHF & UHF using a suitably loaded
diode probe before the scope.
E.g.
Over drive ... shows up a fat topping of the envelope waveform.
Poor bias .... shows up as poor crossover on the envelope.
Instability .. at specific power levels shows up as fuzzy bits on the envelope.


   CLIPPING Over Drive or Under Loaded
PEAK �    ____       ____ Flat peak
     �   /::::\     /::::\
     �  �::::::�   �::::::� Sharp Null                DETECTOR
     � �::::::::� �::::::::쿣�            PEAK �    ____       ____
     눴::::::::::�::::::::::�                  �   /    \     /    \
     � �::::::::� �::::::::� �                 �  �      �   �      �
     �  �::::::�   �::::::�                    � �        � �        �
     �   \::::/     \::::/                     읒컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컨
     �    ''''       ''''


   POOR BIAS - CROSSOVER
PEAK �    .컴.       .컴. Round peak
     �   /::::\     /::::\
     �  �::::::�   �::::::� Wide Null                 DETECTOR
     � /::::::::\ /::::::::\V/            PEAK �    .컴.       .컴.
     큍::::::::::X::::::::::x                  �   /    \     /    \
     � \::::::::/ \::::::::/ \                 �  �      �   �      �
     �  �::::::�   �::::::�                    � /        \ /        \
     �   \::::/     \::::/                     읒컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컨
     �    `컴'       `컴'


   NO BIAS - Class C PA
PEAK �    .컴.       .컴. Round peak
     �   /::::\     /::::\
     �  �::::::�   �::::::� Total Null                DETECTOR
     � �::::::::� �::::::::쿣             PEAK �    .컴.       .컴.
     늙�::::::::쳐�::::::::쳐�                 �   /    \     /    \
     � �::::::::� �::::::::�                   �  �      �   �      �
     �  �::::::�   �::::::�                    � �        � �        �
     �   \::::/     \::::/                     읕좔컴컴컴컨컨컴컴컴컴좔
     �    `컴'       `컴'


   PARASITICS Instability
PEAK �    .컴.       .컴. Round peak
     �  n/::::\    n/::::\n
     �  �::::::�   �::::::� Sharp Null                DETECTOR
     � �::::::::� �::::::::쿣�            PEAK �    .컴.       .컴.
     눴::::::::::�::::::::::�                  �  n/    \n   n/    \n
     � �::::::::� �::::::::� �                 �  �      �   �      �
     �  �::::::�   �::::::�                    � �        � �        �
     �  u\::::/u   u\::::/u-Abnormal           읒컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컨
     �    `컴'       `컴'     Shape



Why don't U send an interesting bul?

73 De G8MNY @ GB7CIP


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