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G8MNY > TECH 19.01.07 11:03l 164 Lines 7270 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 64394_GB7CIP
Read: DL8FBH DK5SG GUEST DL1GMC OE7FMI
Subj: Making ASCII diagrams
Path: DB0FHN<DB0MRW<DK0WUE<DB0RES<ON0AR<GB7CIP
Sent: 070119/0201Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU #:64394 [Caterham] $:64394_GB7CIP
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (Updated Jan 07)
Most of the TECH buls use 8 bit graphics. To make your own diagrams here are
some tips.
TEXT EDITORS
The keyboard only does a few of the 128 extended code graphic characters, the
full set are normally entered by holding down the ALT key & entering the 3
digit number into the number keypad, this works in most text (not document)
editors. (MS OS, Other OS platforms are different!) Also don't use justify or
variable spacing in the editor / viewer! See my "Y Extended ASCII Graphics" bul
for more compatibility information. So code page 437 or 850 are used.
Try these for yourself.
Ú¿
[] = ÀÙ, | = ³, - = Ä, Ts = Â ´Ã Á, + = Å Ohm = ê, Degree = ø, +/- = ñ
ALT 218 191 179 196 194 180 195 193 197 234 248 241
KEY 192 217 (not all Code/Pages)
In a good editor you will find a list of all the characters in the help screen.
Print these out if you can. Some editors also have block cut & past (not just
in paragraphs) & this is a very useful feature for moving & copying.
Useful char: 171 «, 172 ¬, 227 ã, 230 æ, 235 ë, 236 ì, 241ð, 242 ò, 243 ó,
246 ö, 247 ÷, 251 û, (Alt 253 "superscript 2" fails on Paket software [a Bug])
GRAPHICS & CHARACTERS
Here are some Characters & 8th bit Graphics mixed & how they look together.
ALT
045 - (Hyphen) Do not join up --³-³
095 _ (Underline) Only partly joins ___³_ (can't use space above!)
196 Ä (Graphic) Joins up OK ÄÄ´ (OK to underside of underline)
124 | (Bar) Do not join up | (some Fonts have broken bar)
186 º (Graphic) Joins up own set ĺÄ
061 = (Equals) Do not join up == ³=Ä
96`95_046.044,045-039' Rising graphic `-,.__.,-' (detailed Graphs, Circles)
176° 177± 178² 219Û Shading °°±±²²ÛÛ (Some displays are inverted)
220Ü 221Ý 222 Þ 223 ß Half Blocks Ü ÝÞß (Doing bold lettering etc.)
How viewable the results are of mixing them, will depend on your font & to some
extent the video card & mode it is set to as well. Try not to mix Alt 196 Ä & -
the hyphen as they may look the same but are not on may displays.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
WIRES ³ ÄÄÂÄÄ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³
ÄÄÁÄÄ ³ ÄÄ´ ÃÄÄ ÄÄÅÄÄ ÄÄ)ÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄijÄÄÄ
J o i n t s ³ ³ ³(avoid) ³ Cross over ³ ³(avoid)
TERMINALS
ÄÄÄo +5V ÄÄÄO ÄÄÄ* ÄÄÄÄ> >ÄÄÄ o)ÄÄÄ @ÄÄ
³ coax ³
GROUND/EARTH _³_ _³_ ³ _³_ ÄÄ 0V
/CHASSIS/0v //// ±±± \./ 0V
SWITCHES Ä¿ ³ ÚÄ
ÄÄo \oÄ Äo o o o FUSE
Äo<ÄÄ /³\ ÄÄo--oÄÄ
³
DIODES Ä´>ÃÄ _³_ _³_ LED_³_ ZENER_³_ _³_ ÚÄÁÄ VARICAP_³_ ³
\_/ /_\ \_/ðGN /_\' _\_/, /_\ \_/ ===
Ä´<ÃÄ ³D1 ³D2 ³ ON Z1³ ³ ³ === /_\
³ ³
SCR _³_ _³_ TRIAC __³__a'' ³>³ DIACS __³__ ³<³
ÄÄ\_/ or \_/ ÄÄ /\ \/ Ä´ ÃÄÄ /\ \/ ÄÄ´ ÃÄÄ
³ ___/³ g ÄÄÂÄÄ ³<³\ ÄÄÂÄÄ ³>³
³a' ³
TRANSISTORS __³__ Ä¿e ÚÄ TR1³/ \³ ÃÄ Dual __|ÃÄ
/ \e _\_/_ ÄÄ´ NPN ÃÄÄ ÄÄ´ FET IGFET ³
³ ³ ³ ³\e e/³BC108 Ã>Ä ÄÄÙÃ>Ä
³ ³
_
CAPACITORS +³ ³ Too ³ /| C2
Ä´ÃÄ === 1uF ÄÁÄ large === 100p
10n ³ ÄÂÄ not so / ³ Variable
³ good
INDUCTORS ³ L ___ ___ Slid \³/ Preset
_(((()_ º(___ )º( 300V ())))) Ä¿ \
ÄÄððÄÄÄ ====== Iron º( Tapped 220V )º(___ ÄÄÙ ÀÄÄ )|/`\
Ferrite Ferrite º( N ___)º ___ )|
Bead ÄÄÁÄÄ E ____º(___6V /)|
ÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄ
RESISTORS ³ or if ÚÁ¿ ______
³ Ä>POT you ³ ³390R Ä´______ÃÄ
ÄÄ10KÄÄ 220R 10K must ³ ³1/4W 47ê 10W
³ ³ use ÀÂÙ
boxes
__ __ __ __
OP AMPS ÄÄ´\³+ ÄÄ´\ GATES Ä´ \ Ä´ _ \ Ä´ \ Ä´ __\
ñ³A >ÄÄ ñ³B >ÄÄ ³ & )Ä ³ & )O- ) OR >Ä ) OR >OÄ
ÄÄ´/³- ÄÄ´/ Ä´__ / Ä´__ / Ä´__ / Ä´__ /
Often there is not enough detail for precise component graphic symbols, but to
a good engineer these graphics are good enough. (clearer than bought Photo-
copied Diagram/internet download!)
As with any text composing this may take a while, so do save it as an ASCII
(.ASC or .TXT) file often (possibly as a .BAK file as well!).
Try to make the diagram size less than 79 characters wide by 23 lines high, as
this fits most viewers, with room for their control bars etc. & should stop
auto wrapping of your carefully spaced diagram when sent over packet.
DO NOT use TABS as they have different meanings on different viewers.
(eg. tab = 8-10 spaces, OR goto next TAB bar if set up)
The diagram size restriction may mean splitting the diagram up into functional
blocks, giving you the option to describe each part as you go. Not normally
possible with other drawing systems!
Once you have finished drawing your diagram, tidy it up for packet by going
down the right hand side & remove all the added spaces at the end of line as
these are not needed.
If you are describing a large circuit, then use component Numbers, not values &
make a component value table....
No R C L T IC
1 100R 10u 88mH BC109 LM741
2 18k 15p 10uH BFX20 NE555
3 2R 22n 1mH
4 220k 3n3
5 100k
6 1M
If it is for a BBS bulletin, I use .BUL as a file name extension & also add
standard headers & tails etc.
OTHER TIPS
Get the units/abbreviations right. eg. Volts are V not v, Metres = m
Frequency is in Hz kHz & MHz, not hz, KHz or mHz mhz as m=milli etc.
K = øKelvin, not k kilo. So a 12 kilo ê = 12k not 12K.
Decibels are dB not db.
The result should be a VERY compact ASCII file ideal for Packet & easy for your
SYSOP to check & vet it before releasing the bul. And it will be quick & easy
to read on many system/platforms & in any language....
Date/Time : 12-Oct 22:36 2004
Title : hello
From: LW5DIX@LW6EVE.#1661.BA.ARG.SA
To : G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
name javier qra lw5dix
qth argentina
tex is spinif
amigo muy buena los informes de tecnica
me gustaria si tiene web ok
saludos
73 y dx
(it's just the text that's not international!)
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 de John G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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