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G8MNY > TECH 01.08.05 11:20l 185 Lines 8533 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 56528_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST OE7FMI
Subj: Spectrum Analyser mods 88/89 2/4
Path: DB0FHN<DB0MRW<DB0FOR<DB0SIF<DB0EA<DB0ACC<DB0GOS<ON0AR<ON0AR<7M3TJZ<
HG8LXL<VK4TTT<GB7CIP
Sent: 050801/0830Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU #:56528 [Caterham] $:56528_GB7CIP
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (New Apr 05)
1st MIXER in MC3356.
A 2:1 step up ferrite transformer & no termination resistor will give 6dB more
gain, but no transformer is flat over 0.5 - 90MHz range so this is not used.
The mixer has a gain of about 5dB.
The osc provides 2 out of phase outputs (one with no RF!) that are buffered to
drive the Gilbert mixer cell (unbalanced), which has one RF input & 1 output.
Tuned cct OSC BUFFERS MIXER CELL
+12V컴컴컴쩡컴컴 4o컴컴컫컴컴컴컫컴컫컴컫컴컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컴컴� 旼 +12v
) L2 � �/ � � � � 4.3uH )
쳐컴컴 3o컫컴�)�10K캑 � � � IF � L3 ) 1n
旼컴� \� � �\e �/ � 旼컴컴컴)컴컫컴컴컴)훟5 컴컨캑쳐>
=== � 쳐좔10K컴�)캑 � � � � � to 145MHz
/_\ === 2p2 e/� � �\e �/ \� �/ \� 50K IF Filter
Sweep � 쳐컴컴 2o캑 � 쳐� 쳐쩡� 쳐� �
>�10K캑 � � � � �\e___e/� � �\e___e/� � �
� === 5p � 쳐컴)컴컴컴)컴컴� � � �
1n === � � � 쳐컴컴�)컴컴컴컴�)컴컴컴� �
� � RF in � � � �/ \� �
From>�)컴�)컴쩡 20o�)컴컴컴컴컴�)컴�)컴쩡� 쳐쩡10K캑
LPF � � � � � � � �\e_________e/� � �
� � � � � � 읕컴)컴컴컴컴�)컴�)�10K캑
� � � � � � � � � _�_
� � 1M 50K 50K 50K 330 330 === \_/
� � Preset � � � � � �20p _�_
� � � � � � � � � \_/
0v 컴좔컴좔컨� 1o컨컴컴컴컴컴컨컴컨컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴좔컴좔컴컴�
L2 is a spread out coil 5 turns 5mm dia. The 12V is well decoupled with 10n @
L2. The original Varicap was a MV209.
N.B. never accidentally put a earth on pin 2, as this will destroy the OSC PNP.
6/ To get the last drop of balance out the 1st mixer, I found a 1M preset from
RF input to ground could get a slight improvement in balance & reduce a 2nd
harmonic of a pure RF signal by 2dB. If the balance is the other way, try the
pot to +12V.
dB 0Hz
+70눴
+60눴 . Fo
+50눴 ^ �
+40눴 | � Adjust 1M
+30눴 ~60dB � for Min
+20눴 | � \|/
+10눴 v � 2Fo Noise
0늑컴컴컴컴컨컴컴컴컴좔컴� Floor
Use a well filtered Osc (2-30MHz) so 2nd harmonic > -60dBc
7/ The varicap tuned first local VHF oscillator's range has extended to tune
from 145MHz to 235MHz by adding further UHF Varicaps across the initial one &
stretching/reducing the osc L. This may depend on the varicap used & stray C.
8/ The oscillator coil is adjusted to give 0Hz line (eg osc = 145MHz) when the
FREQUENCY control vernier is set to 0 (mechanically near the -12V end of the
pot, so that tuning sweep line after the amp is near to +12V). This also stops
the unwanted image side of the 0Hz from being displayed & causing confusion.
+12v컴컴컴컴컴� � 0Hz
FREQ<컴컴컴컴컴쩡�>Tuning � �
10K POT � DC � No � 5MHz
� ===22u 쿔nverted� � Markers
80MHz CAL 쿍ipolar 쿏isplay � � | � �
5K PRESET _�_ � \�/ � � � � � �
-12v컴캑<쳐컴켸 //// �________�_�_�_�_�_�__
Thermal
compensation. (See 20/ & 21/)
1st I.F. FILTER
9/ Mine used a standard 50� 2M three pole TOKO 144-146MHz filter, (the original
article said to build your own). This can be modified from a bandwidth of about
3MHz (-10dB) with 3 peaks, to a single peak 1.5MHz wide, by adding 2 small
metal shielding strips (6mm x 8mm) to cover the 2 apertures between the 3 coil
sections, BUT this is fiddly to do!
Underside view After mod
旼컴쩡컴쩡컴� 旼컴쩡컴쩡컴�
�( ) ( ) ( )� �( )�( )�( )�
읕컴좔컴좔컴� 읕컴좔컴좔컴�
To see the 1st I.F. response on its own, to tune it up, temporally remove the
connections to the 2nd IF filter & bypass it with a bridging 1nF cap.
_ _ _ .
� / \./ \./ \ � /" "\
� | | � | |
� � � � � �
� | | � | |
�_./ 3MHz \._ �____./ 1.5MHz \.__
읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴
Once the 1st IF is reduced then the number of signals reaching the 2nd mixer
are greatly reduced & hence this reduces the amount of unwanted distortions &
close in mixing products being displayed.
2nd MIXER.
This uses a NE602 osc & a balanced Gilbert cell mixer (used unbalanced) with
similar internal circuit to that of the MC3356 RF part, it run on its own +6V
regulator & RF decoupled. Mixer gain is about 17dB.
+6v컫컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컴컫컴컴컴컫컴컴�
=== 8t �,/\ � *� === 10n
1n_�_ 5mm (| �8 430 _�_
//// /(| 6旼컴좔컴� � ////
134.4MHz쳐컴컴� �4 � to 10.7MHz
3p9 === 7� NE 쳐컴좔컴컴�>ceramic
145MHz 쳐컴컴� 602 � filter
IF >컴캑쳐컴)컴컴캑 �
1n � 1읓컴쩡컫� * see /11 for value
=== �2 �3 �5
6p8 � 1n=== � ===1n
컴컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컨컴좔컨컴컴컴컴�
N.B. as with 1st osc, an accidental earth on pin 7 will destroy the osc PNP.
10/ The VHF oscillator in the 602 should be run on a lower frequency (core "in"
position) than the 1st I.F. this is to reduce spurious images. eg 10.7MHz 2nd
IF needs 134.3MHz, (or a 6MHz I.F. needs 139MHz). Due to the ferrite core this
osc is susceptible to changes in magnetic fields, so mains transformer flux can
be a problem for zoomed in stability.
2nd I.F. FILTER
11/ The 2nd mixer's output has in internal pull up of 1K5 to so get 330� source
impedance for the filter a 430� on pin 4 determines the 2nd I.F. filter source
impedance. (This is not applicable to the Mark 2 with narrow filter option)
� .------. � _._
� | | � / \
� � COMM � � | |
� | Filter | � | |
�_./ 50KHz \._ �_./ \._
읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴�
Correctly terminated Mis Terminated
RINGY FILTER sweep friendly filter
If the filters are deliberately mismatched they can give a better analyser
friendly "rounded peak response" rather than the flat topped ringy edges of
communication filters. To find the best values for your filters use small 1K
presets to source & terminate the filters to see this effect, find the optimum
value for best IF shape & then replace the presets with nearest fixed values.
+12v컫컴컴컫컴컴컴컴커
=== u1 � IF �
+6v _�_ � AMP 470
2nd Pin 8<캑 //// 220K _____�
Mixer 430 � �/ �
602 Pin 4>컨커 旼컴컴컴좔캑 T1 � 旼컴커 旼컴쩡컴컴�>Pin 7 To
Pin _�_ _�_ �\e _�_ _�_ _�_ _�_ 330 MC3356
3 旼컴컴� BFX90 � 旼컴컴� 旼컴컴� 쳐컴컴�>Pin 9 Log
� 50KHz읕컴컴� 100 읕컴컴� 읕컴컴� 읕늘컫�>Pin 8 Detector
� 10.7 컴컫컴� VAR 컴컫컴� 컴컫컴� ===
컴좔컴컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컴컴컴컨컴컴컴좔컴컴컴컨컴컴컴컴컴좔>Pin 19
1st filter 2nd Wide filter
Adjust the 100� preset for the optimum noise floor that can just be seen.
12/ Adding an inter filter buffer stage using a single transistor T1 adds some
preset gain for setting the overall noise floor of the analyser, as sell as
matching into a 2nd filter. This filter is terminated by the input load on the
detector 330R. Two 50KHz 10.7MHz ceramic filters provide a reasonable
compromise of selectivity for sweeping 0-80MHz @ 50Hz without too much ringing
distorting & loss of the peaks levels (up to 10dB) while still looking good in
close sweeps. However a 3rd filter was put in tandem with the 2nd filter to
clean up poor filter skirt rejection of my particular narrow filters @ 7MHz!
In part 3.. Log Detector, Power supply, Sync flyback Blanking, & Sweep 5 stage
sweep ramp correction.
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 de John G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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