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DG1SCR > DSP 08.04.95 16:19l 466 Lines 17416 Bytes #999 (999) @ EU
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From: DG1SCR @ DB0RBS.#BW.DEU.EU (Juergen)
To : DSP @ EU
FAQs (Frequently asked questions with answers) on Signal/Image Processing
0. What is comp.dsp?
1. General DSP.
***************
1.1 DSP book and article references.
1.2 Where can I get free software for general DSP?
2. Algorithms and standards.
****************************
2.1 Where can I get some algorithms for DSP?
2.2 What are CELP and LPC? Where can I get source for them?
2.3 What are u-law and ADPCM? Where can I get source for it?
2.4 What is GSM? Where can I get source for it?
2.5 How does pitch perception work, and how do I implement it?
2.6 What standards exist for digital audio?
What is AES/EBU? What is S/PDIF?
2.7 What is mu-law encoding? Where can I get source for it?
2.8 How can I do CD <-> DAT sample rate conversion?
3. Programmable DSP chips and their software.
*********************************************
3.1 What are some current, popular programmable DSP chips?
3.2 Software for Motorola DSPs.
3.3 Software for Texas Instruments DSPs.
3.4 Software for Analog Devices DSPs.
4. Hardware.
************
4.1 DSP development boards.
4.2 Who makes AES/EBU chips?
5. Operating Systems.
*********************
6. List of manufacturers, addresses, and telephone numbers.
***********************************************************
7. Summary of FTP sites.
************************
8. Wavelets Information.
************************
Q0: What is comp.dsp?
*********************
Comp.dsp is a worldwide UseNet news group that is used to discuss
various aspects of digital signal processing. It is unmoderated,
though we try to keep the signal to noise ratio up :-). If you need to
ask a question that isn't in the FAQ, and can't figure out how to
post, consult news.newusers.questions. Other relevant news groups are
comp.compression, comp.speech, and sci.image.processing.
You can ftp the very latest version of this FAQ from:
file://evans.ee.adfa.oz.au/pub/dsp/sigproc.help
It is also available in World Wide Web form, which offers a much nicer
interface. Try: http://dsp.ee.adfa.oz.au/sigproc.html
bradh@ee.adfa.oz.au
This information didn't come from me - it came from the generous
people who supplied the resources and expertise required. We are most
grateful to the following contributors who helped out with this FAQ:
Ben Abbott abbott@vuse.vanderbilt.edu
Mark Ainsworth ma@sundance.com
William Alves alves@calvin.usc.edu
Pradeep Bardia pb@sonitech.com
Peter Barszczewski barsz@bnr.ca
Harry Bates transtech!hjb@tc.cornell.edu
Michail Bletsas mbletsas@cdsp.neu.edu
Neil Bowers neilb@chama.eece.unm.edu
Annard Brouwer annard@stack.urc.tue.nl
James Brundell james@physics.otago.ac.nz
Dennis W. Brown browndw@ece.nps.navy.mil
Joe Campbell jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil
Brian Carlson brian.carlson@hyperception.com
Tim Channon tchannon@black.demon.co.uk
Steve Clift clift@ml.csiro.au
Joel Coltoff joel@wmi.com
Howard Cohen cda!hcohen@uunet.uu.net
Chuck Corley chuckc@hpnmdlc0.sr.hp.com
Jutta Degener jutta@cs.tu-berlin.de
William J. Delveaux delveaux@infoserv.com
Malachy Devlin madmal@spd.eee.strathclyde.ac.uk
John Edwards johned@cix.compulink.co.uk
Kenneth Ekman y88kenek@und.ida.liu.se
Cole Erskine cole@analogical.com
Brian Evans evans@markov.eedsp.gatech.edu
John Fisher johnf@dsp.sps.mot.com
Dan Frankowski dfrankow@cs.umn.edu
Mark Gallagher M.Gallagher@e-eng.hull.ac.uk
Robert Gammon 5692330@mcimail.com
Kevin Gardner gardner@zinc.med.yale.edu
Maurice Givens maury@tellabs.com
Stephen A Glow sag@world.std.com
Willy Gonnason gonnasow@cuug.ab.ca
Peter Gutmann pgut1@cs.aukuni.ac.nz
Ed Hall edhall@rand.org
Vince Herried vjh21@cas.org
Joseph Hora hora@galileo.ifa.hawaii.edu
Eric Jacobsen ericj@hwcae.honeywell.com
Pete Janzow pjanzow@prenhall.com
Quinn Jensen jensenq@qcj.icon.com
Robert Jonsson Robert.Jonsson@ludd.luth.se
Alan Kamas aok@rice.eecs.berkeley.edu
Richard Kim richard@math.mit.edu
Gints Klimanis gints@roadkill.esd.sgi.com
Greg Koker dsp_applications@analog.com
Kurt Kosbar kosbar@ee.umr.edu
Juhana Kouhia jk87377@cc.tut.fi
Mark M. Lacey lacey@dsp.sps.mot.com
John Lazzaro lazzaro@boom.CS.Berkeley.EDU
Noam Levine noam.levine@analog.com
Sergio Liberman sergio@msil.sps.mot.com
Fazal Majid majid-fazal@math.yale.edu
Stan McClellan mcclella@ee.tamu.edu
Renzo Mercanzin aire@sabrina.dei.unipd.it
Theresa Meuse theresa@imaging.com
Stephen Moshier moshier@world.std.com
Phillip Musumeci phillip@ee.adfa.oz.au
Lance Norskog thinman@netcom.com
Bill Novak novak@tartan.com
Jose Luis Pino pino@gamow.eecs.berkeley.edu
Gerrit Polder g.polder@cpro.agro.nl
Jim Prater Jim.Prater@FtCollins.NCR.COM
Bill Ralston wtr@mitre.org
C.S. Ramalingam ramli@mizar.ele.uri.edu
Craig F. Reese cfreese@super.org
Tony Richardson amr@mpl.ucsd.edu
J.S. Robertson robertson@euler.math.usma.edu
Tony Robinson ajr@eng.cam.ac.uk
Lee Rogers Lee_Rogers@aplmail.jhuapl.edu
Ted Rossin rossin@hpfcrd.fc.hp.com
Paul Rubin phr@america.telebit.com
Paul Russell paulr@syma.sussex.ac.uk
Stanley Sasaki stans@tekig7.pen.tek.com
Louis K. Scheffer lou@cadence.com
Bill Schottstaedt bil@ccrma.stanford.edu
W.F.Schroeder schro@norton.sni.de
Paul Simoneau pas1@kepler.unh.edu
Malcolm Slaney malcolm@apple.com
Greg Smart rcogs@citri.edu.au
Henry B. Smith hbs@crl.com
Larry Stewart stewart@crl.dec.com
Derek H. Thille dht260@dvinci.usask.ca
Andrew Ukrainec ukrainec@nimios.Eng.McMaster.CA
Witold Waldman witold@hotblk.aed.dsto.gov.au
George Warner warnergt@aloft.att.com
Phil Woodland pcw@eng.cam.ac.uk
Ronnin Yee ronnin.yee@analog.com
Get your name here - contribute something! (If you don't want your
email address listed in your contribution, please indicate so.)
Q1.1: Summary of DSP books and significant research articles.
==============================================================
Q1.1.1: Bibles of DSP.
+++++++++++++++++++++++
A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, "Digital Signal
Processing", Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,
1975.
A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, "Discrete-Time Signal
Processing" Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632,
1989. ISBN 0-13-216292-X This is an updated version of the
original, with some old material deleted and lots of new
material added.
L.R. Rabiner & R.W. Schafer, "Digital Processing of Speech
Signals", Prentice Hall, 1978, ISBN 0-13-213603-1.
R. E. Crochiere & L. R. Rabiner, "Multirate Digital Signal
Processing", Prentice-Hall, 1983, ISBN 0136051626. This book
is the only real reference for filter banks and multirate
systems, as opposed to being a tutorial.
P. P. Vaidyanathan, "Multirate Systems and Filter Banks",
Prentice-Hall. 911 pp.
Thomas Parsons, "Voice and Speech Processing", McGraw-Hill,
1987, ISBN 0-07-048541-0. Addresses the cocktail party
effect, as well as other material. [Maurice Givens,
maury@tellabs.com]
Q1.1.2: Adaptive signal processing.
S. Haykin, "Adaptive Filter Theory", 2nd Ed., Prentice
Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1991.
B. Widrow and S.D. Stearns, "Adaptive Signal Processing",
Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1985.
Q1.1.3: Array signal processing.
J.E. Hudson, "Adaptive Array Principles", IEE London and
New York, Peter Peregrinus Ltd. Stevenage, U.K., and New York,
1981.
R.A. Monzingo and T.W. Miller, "Introduction to Adaptive
Arrays" John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1980.
S. Haykin, J.H. Justice, N.L. Owsley, J.L. Yen, and A.C. Kak
"Array Signal Processing", Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood
Cliffs, N.J., 1985.
R.T. Compton, Jr., "Adaptive Antennas, Concepts and
Performance", Prentice-Hall, 1988, ISBN 0-13-004151-3.
Q1.1.4: Windowing articles.
F. J. Harris, "On the Use of Windows for Harmonic
Analysis with the DFT", IEEE Proceedings, January 1978,
pp. 51-83. Perhaps the classic overview paper for
discrete-time windows. It discusses some 15 different classes
of windows including their spectral responses and the reasons
for their development. [Brian Evans, evans@eedsp.gatech.edu]
There are several typos in this paper. The errors are
corrected by A. H. Nuttall in "Some Windows with Very Good
Sidelobe Behavior," IEEE Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, and
Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-29, No. 1, February 1981.
Nezih C. Geckinli & Davras Yavuz, "Some Novel Windows and a
Concise Tutorial Comparison of Window Families", IEEE
Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,
Vol. ASSP-26, No. 6, December 1978. [Bob Beauchaine,
bobb@vice.ico.tek.com]
Lineu C. Barbosa, "A Maximum-Energy-Concentration Spectral
Window," IBM J. Res. Develop., Vol. 30, No. 3, May 1986,
p. 321-325. An elegant method for designing a time-discrete
solution for realization of a spectral window which is ideal
from an energy concentration viewpoint. This window is one
that concentrates the maximum amount of energy in a specified
bandwidth and hence provides optimal spectral resolution.
Unlike the Kaiser window, this window is a discrete-time
realization having the same objectives as the continuous-time
prolate spheroidal function; at the expense of not having a
closed form solution. [Joe Campbell,
jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil]
Q1.1.5: Digital Audio Effects Processing.
Books (in no particular order, sorry):
Hal Chamberlin, Musical Applications of Microprocessors,
2nd Ed., Hayden Book Company, 1985.
Barry Blesser and J. Kates. "Digital Processing in Audio
Signals." In A. V. Oppenheim, ed. Applications of Digital
Signal Processing. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1978.
Digital Signal Processing Committee of IEEE Acoustics, Speech,
and Signal Processing Society, ed. Programs for Digital Signal
Processing. New York: IEEE Press, 1979.
John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Signal Processing: An
Anthology.", Los Altos, CA: W. Kaufmann, 1985. [Contains
Moorer J.A. "About This Reverb..." and contains an article
which gives a code for Phase Vocoder -- great tool for EQ, for
Pitchshifter and more --Juhana Kouhia]
Charles Dodge and Thomas A. Jerse. Computer Music: Synthesis,
Composition, and Performance. New York: Schirmer Books, 1985.
F. Richard Moore, "Elements of Computer Music", Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1990. ISBN: 0-13252-552-6
[Recommended. --Juhana Kouhia]
Curtis Roads and John Strawn, ed., "The Foundations of
Computer Music", Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985. [Contains
article on analysis/synthesis by Strawn, recommended; also an
another article maybe by J.A. Moorer -- Juhana Kouhia]
John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Signal Processing", 283
pages, $34.95, ISBN 0-86576-082-9, pub: A-R Editions.
Contents:
1. Introduction to the mathematics of DSP (F. Richard Moore)
[Not a bad little text]
2. Introduction to digital filter theory (Julius O. Smith)
[Not a bad little text, either]
3. Spiral Synthesis (Tracy Lind Petersen)
[first published account of a new synthesis technique]
4. Signal processing aspects of computer music (J. A. Moorer)
[James Moorer's classic article--discusses many synthesis
techniques. Reverb algorithms. More than 6 pages of refs]
5. An introduction to the phase vocoder (J. W. Gordon, J. Strawn)
[Includes source code for a phase vocoder--a powerful method for
synthesis, pitch shifting, time scale modification, etc.]
[Comments by Quinn Jensen].
Curtis Road, ed., "Composers and the Computer", 201 pages,
$27.95, ISBN 0-86576-085-3, pub: A-R Editions.
John Strawn, ed., "Digital Audio Engineering", 144 pages,
$29.95, ISBN 0-86576-087-X pub: A-R Editions.
Deta S. Davis, "Computer Applications in Music: A
Bibliography", 537 pages, $49.95, ISBN 0-89579-225-7, pub: A-R
Editions.
Ken C. Pohlmann, "The Compact Disc: A Handbook of Theory and
Use", 288 pages, $45.95 (cloth) ISBN 0-89579-234-6, $29.95
(paper) ISBN 0-89579-228-1, pub: A-R Editions.
Forthcoming books:
Curtis Roads, "A Computer Music History: Musical Automation
from Antiquity to the Computer Age"
Joseph Rothstein, "MIDI: A Comprehensive Introduction"
David Cope, "Computer Analysis of Musical Style"
Dexter Morrill and Rick Taube, "A Little Book of Computer
Music Instruments"
Articles:
James A. Moorer, "About This Reverberation Business", Computer
Music Journal 3, 20 (1979): 13-28. (Also in Foundations of CM
below). [Ok article, but you have to know basic DSP
operations. --Juhana Kouhia]
Check more articles from Journal of the Audio Engineering
Society (JAES), for example more articles by Strawn.
Note: books published by A-R editions can be ordered from:
A-R Editions
801 Deming Way
Madison, Wisconsin 53717
608-836-9000 (They accept VISA orders)
[The above is largely from Quinn Jensen, jensenq@qcj.icon.com;
Juhana Kouhia, jk87377@cc.tut.fi; William Alves,
alves@calvin.usc.edu; and Paul A Simoneau,
pas1@kepler.unh.edu]
Q1.2: Where can I get free software for general DSP?
The packages listed below are mostly for general purpose DSP, that is,
DSP that is not specific to a particular programmable DSP chip. See
the later sections in the FAQ for software relevant to a particular
programmable DSP chip.
According to Brian Evans: "There was an entire session on this subject
[free DSP software] at ICASSP '92, chaired by Dr. Sally Wood and
Dr. James McClellan. It appears in Volume 4 of the Proceedings, pages
73-112. There was another such session at ICASSP '93." [Brian Evans,
evans@eedsp.gatech.edu] Much of the information below is from Brian's
mail.
Q1.2.1: What is Gabriel? Where can I get it?
Gabriel was a hierarchical block diagram environment for prototyping
signal processing systems on single or multiple processors. It has
been superceded by Ptolemy (see below), and is no longer available.
Q1.2.2: What is Ptolemy? Where can I get it?
Description: Ptolemy provides a highly flexible foundation for the
specification, simulation, and rapid prototyping of systems. It is an
object oriented framework within which diverse models of computation
can co-exist and interact. For example, using Ptolemy a data-flow
system can be easily connected to a hardware simulator which in turn
may be connected to a discrete-event system, etc. Because of this,
Ptolemy can be used to model entire systems.
In addition, Ptolemy now has code generation capabilities. From a flow
graph description, Ptolemy can generate both C code and DSP assembly
code for rapid prototyping. Note that code generation is not yet
complete, and is included in the current release for demonstration
purposes only.
Ptolemy has been used for a broad range of applications including
signal processing, telecomunications, parallel processing, wireless
communications, network design, radio astronomy, real-time systems,
and hardware/software co-design. Ptolemy has also been used as a lab
for signal processing and communications courses. Currently Ptolemy
has hundreds of users in over 100 sites, both in industry and
academia.
Ptolemy is available for the Sun 4 (sparc), DecStation (MIPS), and HP
(HP-PA) architectures. Installing the system requires 90 Mbytes for
Ptolemy (more if you optionally remake). Ptolemy also requires at
least 8 Mbytes of physical memory. Linux binaries also exist.
There is an experimental World Wide Web (WWW) page for Ptolemy:
http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/pub/ptolemy/www/Ptolemy.html The
Ptolemy WWW page contains information about Ptolemy, demonstrations of
Ptolemy programs, and access to the Ptolemy FTP site.
Ptolemy is available via anonymous ftp. Get the file:
file://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/pub/README and follow the instructions.
ftp://pub/ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu contains the entire Ptolemy
distribution, a postscript version of the Ptolemy manual, and several
Ptolemy papers.
Organizations without Internet FTP capability can obtain Ptolemy,
without support, from ILP. This is often a more stable, less featured
version than is available by FTP.
EECS/ERL Industrial Liaison Program Office
Software Distribution
205 Cory Hall
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720
+1 510 643-6687
email: ilpsoftware@eecs.berkeley.edu
This includes printed documentation, including installation
instructions, a user's guide, and manual pages. A handling fee (on the
order of $250) will be charged.
Contact: Alan Kamas, aok@ohm.berkeley.edu.
Q1.2.3: What is Khoros? Where can I get it?
Description: Block diagram simulator for image and video
processing. 1-D signal processing is also supported. See the UseNet
group comp.soft-sys.khoros.
Platforms: sun 3, sun 4, others. Requires X windows. Written in C.
To obtain, get this file, and read the instructions:
file://ftp.eece.unm.edu/pub/khoros/release/install.ftp
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